What type of breach is considered a crime when intentionally deceiving for personal gain?

The correct answer is fraud because it specifically involves the intentional deception of others for the purpose of obtaining financial or personal gain. Fraud encompasses various illegal activities where a person misrepresents or conceals truth with the intent to deceive someone, thereby gaining something of value at the expense of another.

Fraud can take many forms, such as identity theft, securities fraud, or insurance fraud, all of which are designed to exploit the trust and reliance others place in the deceiver's false representations. This intentional aspect of deception underpins why fraud is categorized as a crime.

While trespass involves unlawfully entering someone else's property, and financial mismanagement relates to poor handling of financial resources without necessarily involving deceit, perjury refers to lying under oath in a legal setting. None of these others share the same premise of intentional deception aimed at personal gain as fraud does.